国际商事仲裁第三方资助制度的发展及应对策略

The Development and Countermeasures of the Third-Party Funding System in International Commercial Arbitration

第三方资助制度因其在转移商事仲裁风险,降低商事仲裁成本,提升商事仲裁可获得性方面具备优势,为多数国家及地区接纳认可。从维护经济弱势群体正当权益,促进仲裁双方实质平等的角度出发,我国应以此次《仲裁法》修改为契机,适时确立并发展该项制度。当然前提是应对其当前所面临的仲裁规则和立法依据缺位,资助方利益与仲裁程序公正相冲突,仲裁保密性面临挑战以及未被资助方利益保障不足等先决问题加以解决。对此,建议从建立资助方信息披露制度以增强仲裁程序公正性,限制信息披露范围以优化保密制度,健全费用担保制度以保障被申请人合法权益等角度加以考量。

The third-party funding system is accepted and recognized by most countries and regions because of its advantages in transferring commercial arbitration risks,reducing commercial arbitration costs,and improving the availability of commercial arbitration.From the perspective of safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of economically disadvantaged groups and promoting the substantive equality of both parties to the arbitration,China should take this amendment to the Arbitration Law as an opportunity to establish and develop this system in due course.Of course,the prerequisite should be to solve the current problems of the lack of arbitration rules and legislative basis,the conflict between the interests of funders and the fairness of arbitration procedures,the challenges of arbitration confidentiality,and the insufficient protection of the interests of unfunded parties.In this regard,suggestions can be made from establishing a funder’s information disclosure system to enhance the fairness of arbitration procedures,limit the scope of information disclosure to optimize the confidentiality system,and establish a fee guarantee system to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the respondent.