国际仲裁第三方资助的披露制度研究——以香港和新加坡立法监管为切入

Disclosure Rules of Third Party Funding in International Arbitration——from the Perspectives of Hong Kong and Singapore Experience

国际仲裁领域中第三方资助的利益冲突和披露制度是国际仲裁所面临的前沿问题之一。第三方资助中资助者与仲裁员可能存在利益冲突,具有披露的必要性。新加坡和中国香港修法将第三方资助纳入监管,并对披露义务、时间、后果等作出明确规定,要求受资助方强制性披露第三方资助存在和资助者身份。当前我国内地仲裁规则对于第三方资助的监管过度扩张了强制披露范围,并且尚未厘清第三方资助披露与费用承担、费用担保等问题的关系。我国内地仲裁机构应积极引入第三方资助披露规则,明确违反披露义务的后果,并完善费用担保规则。

Conflict of interest in third party funding and disclosure rules are the frontier legal issues in international arbitration. Due to the potential conflicts of interest between the third party funders and arbitrators, there is a need for the disclosure rules. Both Singapore and Hong Kong have incorporated mandatory disclosure rules of the identities of third party funders as well as the disclosure obligation, timing, and consequence. Some arbitration commissions in China also introduced disclosure rules. However, these rules may be over expansive and unclear about the relationship between the third party funder and the bearing of costs and guarantee. There is a need to improve these rules, and in particular, clarify the consequence of disclosure and security of fees, with the aim of promoting international arbitration.