裂缝性地层桥接堵漏技术发展综述与展望

Review and prospect of bridging plugging technology in fractured formation

我国83%深层油气有待开发,向深层进军获取油气资源是保障国家能源安全的重大战略任务。而裂缝性地层井漏是制约超深层油气钻井的关键“卡脖子”难题。研发专用堵漏材料形成高效堵漏技术,提高深层裂缝性地层一次堵漏成功率,是钻井工程领域当前研究和实践的重点之一。桥接堵漏是裂缝性漏失地层最常用的堵漏技术之一。因此,本文对裂缝性地层桥接堵漏技术进行了详细的综述,概括了桥接堵漏材料的分类、作用机理以及桥接堵漏配方的设计方法和组成,阐述了提高裂缝性地层桥接封堵层稳定性的机制和承压堵漏机理,厘清了桥接封堵层的形成、破坏和结构演化机制。同时,展望了裂缝性地层桥接堵漏技术的发展前景,对于实现高效安全钻井、加快超深层油气开发进程、保障国家能源安全具有重要意义。

In China,83%of deep oil and gas remains to be developed,and it is a major strategic task to secure national energy security to enter deep oil and gas resources.However,lost circulation in fractured formation is the key“stuck neck”problem restricting ultra-deep oil and gas drilling.The research and development of special plugging materials to form efficient plugging technology and improve the success rate of plugging in deep fractured formations is one of the focuses of current research and practice in drilling engineering field.Bridge plugging is one of the most commonly used plugging techniques in fractured leakage formation.Therefore,this paper gives a detailed review on the bridging plugging technology of fractured formation,summarizes the classification of bridging plugging materials,the mechanism of action,the design method and composition of bridging plugging formula,expounds the mechanism of improving the stability of the bridging plugging layer of fractured formation and pressure plugging mechanism,and clarifies the formation,failure and structural evolution mechanism of the bridging plugging layer.Meanwhile,the development prospect of fracture formation bridging plugging technology is prospected,which is of great significance for realizing efficient and safe drilling,speeding up the process of ultra-deep oil and gas development,and ensuring national energy security.