中国民事宪法学的时代价值——改革开放40年民法学家宪法观发展演变切入

The Contemporary Value of China Civil Constitution Law:Review of Constitutional Views by Chinese Civil Jurists for 40 Years

改革开放40年民法学家表达的宪法观,更多是应景式的实践问题回应,缺乏学术史的回顾梳理,缺乏整体的科学认识。民法学家的宪法观大致可以划分为四个阶段:回避宪法观阶段(1978—1992)、远离宪法观阶段(1993—2004)、宪法工具观阶段(2005—2013)、宪法目的观阶段(2014—)。民法学家特定时代的宪法观,受制于特定时代的社会背景,服务于特定时代的法学命题。中国特色社会主义法治进入新时代,民法学家应当更多地参与宪法学的研究,在规范民法学研究的基础上,运用宪法思维审视民事立法和民事司法中存在的重大问题,开拓人格宪法学、家庭宪法学、组织宪法学和财产宪法学等民事宪法学新领域。

The constitutional views expressed by Chinese civil jurists are responding to the problem-based practical problems,which lack of review of academic history and lack of support for the research paradigm.The civil jurists’constitutional view can be divided into four phases:the avoidance of the constitutional view(1978—1992),the absence of the constitutional view(1993—2004),regarding the constitution as tools(2005—2013),and the purpose of the constitution.view(2014 to nowadays).Determined by social context,the civil jurists’concept of constitution serves proposition of law in a particular era.Civil jurists should participate in the growth of constitutional studies,demonstrate civil law issues from the height of the constitution,and explore new areas of constitutional studies,for example,property constitutional studies,personality constitutional studies,and family constitutional studies.