金沙江溪洛渡水电站工程建设的技术和管理创新与实践

Innovations in technology and management of dam construction and their application to Xiluodu hydropower station on Jinsha River

溪洛渡水电站是目前世界上已建成的第三大水电站,综合规模和技术难度在世界大型水电工程中名列前茅,建设过程中解决了大量技术难题并取得丰富的管理创新成果。本文采用案例研究方法,系统介绍了溪洛渡300m级高拱坝智能化建设技术、大体积混凝土和衬砌混凝土温控防裂技术、大流量高流速泄洪洞和巨型地下厂房建设技术的创新成果,深入分析了采用绿色水电建设理念和环保规划设计、施工技术创新取得的成效;提出了大型水电工程"规范、有序、协调、健康"建设管理理念、六目标九支撑项目管理体系、产学研用协同创新管理模式、工程规划设计和建设组织优化方法,以及复杂岩体工程变形协调动态分析方法。上述成果确保了溪洛渡水电站安全、优质、高效的按期建成和稳定运行,取得巨大的社会和经济效益,为类似大型水电工程建设技术和管理实践提供有益借鉴。

The Xiluodu hydropower station is the world’s top three to date,with its overall scale and technical difficulty ranking high globally among the large hydropower projects.In its construction,a great many technical problems have been solved and a wealth of management innovation accomplished.Using the case study method,this paper describes systematically a batch of innovation achievements in the dam construction,such as intelligent construction technology of 300 m-class super-high arch dams,temperature control and crack prevention technology for mass concrete and lining concrete,and construction technology of high-velocity-flow spillway tunnels with large flood discharge and giant underground powerhouses.We also examine the fruits achieved via the concept of green hydropower construction,implementation of environmental planning and design,and innovation in construction technologies.We suggest and discuss a number of new concepts and methods – a concept of standardized,orderly,coordinated and healthy construction management for large hydropower projects;a project management system comprising six goals and nine supporting factors;an innovative management mode of industry-university-research-application collaboration;a method to optimize engineering planning,design and construction;a one-step finishing method based on dynamic analysis of complex rock mass engineering.These achievements ensure safe,high quality and efficient on-schedule construction of this hydropower station and its stable operation,generating tremendous social and economic benefits and providing useful technology for construction and management of similar large hydropower projects.