检察监督智能化的发展隐忧及应对逻辑

Hidden Worries and Countermeasures of the Development of Intelligent Procuratorial Supervision

在智能化浪潮下,检察监督正发生着由案件监督向数据监督转变、事后监督向全程监督转变、人力监督向算法监督转变的内嵌式变革,其中也存在着诸多发展隐忧,具体表现为数据共享的实现困境、全程监督的潜在危机与算法运用的公正遮蔽。执法司法数据共享是检察监督智能化的前提,需要从数据共享规则设计、数据共享平台建设、数据共享实施保障等方面进行机制建构。检察监督智能化应采取以行政违法行为的智能化线索挖掘、立案侦查和刑罚执行的智能化审查、司法裁判的智能化类案监督为主要应用场景的“场景式监督”,并通过算法歧视的防范与修正、算法公开与解释、全过程的算法参与、算法责任追究等方式展开技术正当程序规制。

Under the wave of intelligence, procuratorial supervision is undergoing an embedded transformation from case supervision to data supervision, from post-supervision to whole-process supervision, and from human supervision to algorithmic supervision. However, there are also many hidden worries of development, which are embodied in the dilemma of data sharing, the potential crisis of whole-process supervision, and the masking of fairness by algorithm application. The data sharing of law enforcement and justice is the premise of intelligent procuratorial supervision, which requires the mechanism construction from the design of data sharing rules, the construction of data sharing platforms, and the implementation guarantee of data sharing. The intellectualization of procuratorial supervision should adopt the“scenario-based supervision”with the main application scenarios of intelligent clues mining of administrative illegal acts, intelligent review of a case on file for investigation and penalty execution, and intelligent supervision of similar cases in judicial adjudication. Intellectualization of procuratorial supervision should be regulated by technical due process, including prevention and correction of algorithmic discrimination, algorithmic publicity and interpretation, algorithmic participation in the whole process, and accountability involving algorithms.