数字时代劳动法的危机与用工关系法律调整的方法革新

Labor Law’s Crisis and Method Innovation of Employment Relationship Legal Adjustment in Digital Era

在数字时代,去劳动关系化加速,劳动法陷入功能和存续危机。为解决此问题,出现了四种不同的方案,但这些方案将导致劳动法的调整对象混沌化。要实现从混沌到有序,应引入类型思维。用工关系协调中出现的劳务关系、类劳动关系、非标准劳动关系、劳动关系等属于类型而不是概念。应通过对常素的评价确定这些范畴,应将它们置于用工关系法律调整的规范谱系中,并通过将它们与谱系中的典型形态(或曰“里程碑”)相比较来确定它们的具体内涵。对于用工关系调整的法律适用,应采用评价式、分解式以及探究事物本质与立法目的式的规范适用方法。在我国,为了实现数字时代用工关系协调中的灵活与安全,应首先完善上述用工关系法律调整的规范谱系中作为“里程碑”的关于典型雇佣关系的法律规则。在此基础上,应按照类型思维,通过组合适用关于典型雇佣关系的法律规则和关于典型劳动关系的法律规则,使各种用工关系更贴合当事人之间的利益状况,更符合社会公正的要求。

In the digital era,dis-employment-relationship is speeding up,which makes labor law trapped into function and existence crisis.To solve this problem,there’re four different ways,but the plans make the adjustment objects of labor law in chaos.The type thinking should be introduced to make chaos into order.Labor service relationship,quasi labor relationship,untypical labor relationship and labor relationship in the coordination of employment relations are all different types of employ relationships,but not concepts.These categories should be determined through the evaluation of common elements and placed in the normative pedigree sequence of legal adjustment of employment relations,and their specific connotation should be determined through the comparison between them and between them and their typical forms(or“milestones”).For the legal application of employment relationship adjustment,we should adopt the methods of evaluation,decomposition and exploring the essence of things and the purpose of legislation.For the flexibility and safety in the coordination of employment relations in the digital era,we should first improve the legal provisions on typical employment relations as a“milestone”in the normative pedigree of the legal adjustment of employment relations mentioned above.On this basis,according to the legal method of type thinking,through the combination of the legal rules of typical employment relations and typical labor relations,we should make all kinds of employment relations more suitable for the interests of the parties and meet the requirements of social justice.