湖北省血吸虫病人群查病质量控制结果分析

Analysis of the quality control for detection of schistosomiasis of Hubei province

目的了解全省基层血防专业技术人员血吸虫病检测检验能力。方法对湖北省18个疫区县(市、区)2020年血清学、病原学人群查病检测质量进行考核。结果抽查18个流行村,采用间接红细胞凝集试验(IHA)检测,共复核血清样本1293份,总符合率97.8%。抽查18个流行村229份阳性血清进行检测,样本滴度≥1∶80的占检测总数的8.7%,垸内型、垸外洲滩型和丘陵型3类地区阳性血清样本滴度分布差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.52,P>0.05)。抽查了18个流行村的改良加藤厚涂片法(Kato-Katz法),共复核484张阴性片,结果均为阴性,总符合率100.0%。结论IHA、Kato-Katz片检测总体符合率较高,部分地区存在漏检情况,其原因有血清样本保存不规范和检测人员对弱阳判断存在误差,各地区需要对IHA高滴度人群进行监测与管理,要继续加强专业人才队伍建设。

Objective To understand the schistosomiasis detection and testing capabilities of grassroots schistosomiasis control professional and technical personnel in the province.Method Serological detection and pathogenic diagnosis were assessed in 18 schistosomiasis endemic areas of the Hubei province in 2020.Results A total of 18 epidemic villages were assessed by indirect haemagglutination test(IHA);totally 1293 samples of serum were checked;the rate of serological coincidence was 97.8%.A total of 229 positive serum samples in 18 endemic villages were assessed;the antibody titers were higher than(or equal to)1∶80,accounting for 8.7%in the total detected samples.There was no significant difference of the serological titer between the inner embankment,marshland and hilly areas was found(χ^(2)=16.52,P>0.05).A tota of 18 epidemic villages of 484 negative Kato-Katz thick smears were randomly inspected,with a total coincidence rate of 100.0%.Conclusions The overall coincidence rate of IHA and Kato-Katz thick smear detection was high.Some areas had missed diagnosis;the missed diagnosis was caused by the improper preservation of serum samples and the misdiagnosis for the weak positive results.Monitoring and management for the IHA-high-titer population should be strengthened,and the contingent of professional of grassroots technical personnel should be strengthened.