何谓“日本”,何以“国际”——“国际日本学”的机制建设及反思

What is“Japan”and How to“Internationalize”:The Institutional Development of“International Japanese Studies”in Japan and Its Reflections

日本国内的“国际日本学”机制建设自20世纪80年代中后期起步,迄今为止已经历了三个阶段的演变。第一个阶段(1987~2002)充分体现了国家主导下的政治偏好,通过营造国际学术网络,努力与国际学界的日本研究接轨。第二个阶段(2002~2017)呈现出百花齐放的状态,“国际日本学”成为几乎所有日本顶尖大学开拓国际化进程的重要一环,展示出科研与教学并重的特征。2017年进入第三阶段后,由于参与主体多为地方大学和私立大学,教学与研究的错位问题日益突出。日本的“国际日本学”在过去近四十年的发展中积累了丰富的经验,对其存在理由、本体定位、方法论取向等问题回顾总结恰逢其时。

Ever since the mid-to-late 1980s,the institutional development of“International Japan Studies”in Japan has gone through three phases of evolution so far.The first phase substantially reflects the state-led political preferences and strives to pursue integration with overseas academic communities by building an international network.The second phase sees a thriving and prosperous growth,as“International Japan Studies”has become an important part of the overall internationalization process of almost all top universities in Japan,and it shows the characteristics of placing equal emphasis on academic research and regular teaching.After entering the third phase around 2017,the problematic dislocation between teaching and research has become increasingly prominent,as most of the participants in this phase are local or private universities.All in all,the“International Japan Studies”in Japan has accumulated rich practices in the past forty years,and it’s right time to reflect on its raison d’etre,ontological position,and methodological approach.