以民族生态观推进族际政治整合研究走向深入——兼评《比较视野中的多民族国家族际整合》

Promotion of Research on Interethnic Political Integration with the View of Ethnoecology:Commentary on the Interethnic Integration of Multi-ethnic Countries from a Comparative Perspective

民族国家的创建既奠定了现代国际政治秩序的基础,也以主流文化与主流政治交融一体的方式实现了国家形态的更迭与现代国际关系结构的变迁。伴随民族国家在全球范围扩展,作为理想范式的民族国家被现实场景中的多民族国家取代。通过主观人为建构让国内多个文化民族凝聚共有精神、塑造国民特性、认同祖国家园,成为当今世界每个多民族国家都要面对的重大任务,这一任务亦即族际政治整合。《比较视野中的多民族国家族际整合》一书为族际政治整合问题研究贡献了理想类型的分析视角、比较政治的研究方法、民族政治的理论框架以及中国语境的实践方案,是近年国内民族政治研究领域的代表性力作。如何做到守正创新,既能彰显本土智慧、实现和衷共济,又能借鉴他国经验、避免“整合陷阱”,是亟待解答的重要命题,值得学界重点关注。超越非此即彼的认知框架,以民族生态观的视角重新理解民族与国家、把握族际关系,千灯互照、万象共生,是实现多民族国家族际政治整合的长久之计。

The establishment of a nation-state not only lays the foundation of modern international political order but also realizes the changes in state form and the structure of modern international relations by integrating mainstream culture and mainstream politics.With the expansion of nation-states worldwide,the nation-state,as an ideal paradigm,has been replaced by the multi-ethnic state in practice.Through subjective and artificial construction,it has become a major task for every multi-ethnic country in the world to unite the common spirit,shape the national characteristics,and identify with the motherland,which is also the interethnic political integration.The book Interethnic Integration of Multi-ethnic Countries from a Comparative Perspective has contributed an analytical perspective of the ideal type,research methods of comparative politics,a theoretical framework of ethnic politics,and practical plans in the Chinese context.It is a representative work in the field of ethnic politics in China in recent years.It is an important and urgent proposition worthy of academic attention to find a way to uphold fundamental principles and break new ground on which we not only demonstrate our wisdom and work together with one heart but also learn from the experience of other countries and avoid“integration traps.”Being out of the“either-or”cognitive framework and then re-understanding ethnic groups and state and grasping interethnic relations from the perspective of ethnoecology to make lights shine on each other and everything grow together are the long-term solution to realize the interethnic political integration of multi-ethnic countries.