准定语句式:认知参照点关系和转喻的视角

Chinese Quasi-attributive Constructions: From the Perspective of Cognitive Reference Point Relationship and Metonymy

准定语句式中"NP的"结构较为特殊,彰显汉语独特的认知加工过程。文章提出参照点关系和转喻的分析模式,以进一步解释主要类别准定语句式的认知机制,并由此履行认知语言学的普遍性承诺。依据该模式:1)在准定语句式中,"的"侧显图式性参照点关系,NP为参照点,指向其领属的特定抽象特征,并形成参照点链;2)参照点链中的部分内容受语法趋简性驱动被省略,未省略的内容转喻性表述整个参照点链,形成独特表义形式;3)几种认知机制共同运作时可产生其单独运作时不具有的效果。

The special structure of"NP de"in Chinese quasi-attributives reflects a Chinese-specific cognitive process.Putting forward an analysis model from the perspectives of cognitive reference point and metonymy,this paper tries to give a further and unified explanation for the cognitive construction of main types of Quasi-attributive Construction,thereby fulfilling the Generalization Commitment of cognitive linguistics.According to this model,in Quasi-attributive Sentences,1)de profiles a schematic reference point relationship,in which NP plays the role of a reference point,pointing to a particular abstract feature it possesses,and forms a reference point chain;2)in accordance with the simplicity requirement of Chinese grammar,a certain part of this chain is omitted,the remaining part of the reference point chain metonymically expresses the whole chain;3)the joint operation of several cognitive mechanisms can produce the effect that can not be produced when these mechanisms operate separately.