缺席而又无所不在:英国一战文学的身体书写

Absent yet Ubiquitous:The Writing of Body in British WWI Literature

身体兼具生物性与社会文化性、客体性与主体性。各学科领域的身体研究是当代一个活跃的学术增长点。战争无疑对人类的身体影响巨大,但无论战争中的身体亦或战争文学中的身体书写,一直未得到应有的重视。本文从身体研究的视角,考察、审视英国一战中涌现出的一批战壕作家如何书写战争对参战者身体的非人化、物化与客体化,同时分析人们如何努力构建身体的主体性,如何在非人化的环境中维持人的尊严,实践生命的意义。

The body is both biological and social-cultural,both the object and the subject.Academically speaking,body studies in many disciplines are rapidly developing.War is an activity that undoubtedly exerts a great impact on the human body,yet the human body either during actual wars or as depicted in war literature so far has been understudied.This article examines how British WWI combat writers present the Great War’s dehumanization and objectification of the human body,and then analyzes how the combatants tried to construct the subjectivity of the human body and thus maintain the dignity and meaning as human beings.