合作及礼貌语言视角下的中国女性语言特征探究——以《围城》为例

A Study on the Features of Chinese Women’s Language from the Perspective of Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle:A Case Study of Fortress Besieged

目前有关女性语言特征的研究大部分是以英语国家的女性语言为对象,很少有专门针对中国女性话语特征的相关研究。本文以钱钟书《围城》中鲍、苏、唐、孙四位女性与其心爱之人方鸿渐的对话为语料,以格莱斯(Grice)的合作原则和利奇(Leech)的礼貌原则为理论框架,分析四位中国女性的语言特征,以及这些语言特征产生的原因。研究发现,同一女性的语言特征会随着说话人与听话人之间关系的变化而变化,而受教育程度、男女地位偏差及不同的角色分工等社会因素是女性语言特征差异产生的主要原因。

Most studies on the women’s language features are based on the female language of English-speaking countries,while there are few studies specifically on the Chinese women’s language features.Based on a classic in the modern history of Chinese literature—Fortress Besieged,this study took the conversations between Bao,Su,Tang,Sun and their beloved Fang Hongjian as the data,with Grice’s Cooperative Principle and Leech’s Politeness Principle as the theoretical framework,analyzing these four Chinese women’s language features,as well as the causes of these language features.The findings show that the language characteristics of the same woman would change as the relationship between the speaker and the listener changes.Besides,education level and social factors are the main reasons for the differences in female language characteristics.