电力分布式智能配电终端控制芯片实时增强技术概述

Review of real-time enhancement technology in distributed intelligent power distribution terminal control chips

随着“双碳”目标下新型电力系统的发展,分布式新能源广泛接入配电网形成新型有源配电网,信息交互和实时控制多形态新业务不断涌现,传统的云-端协同业务架构已无法负荷新业务实时处理的需求,业务架构逐步向“云-边-端”协同的分布式部署发展,业务数据就地化实时处理需求凸显。本文基于新型有源配电网业务特性,分析了电力分布式智能配电终端控制芯片的新需求。然后,针对诊断识别等弱实时算法加速方面,分析了基于CPU的内核级弱实时增强技术;针对强实时数据预处理方面,分析了不同硬件加速器技术及其特色应用情况;针对实时、非实时多业务融合问题,分析了不同异构架构方式下多业务数据实时交互的特性。通过研究分析,基于非对称多核异构的可重构片上集成系统更适合多业务融合场景下系统实时性需求。最后,对存算一体、chiplet等新兴技术进行了展望。通过分析新型有源配电网业务特性,本文提出电力分布式智能配电终端控制芯片的新需求,探讨了不同技术在实现这些需求方面的优缺点,对未来电力系统的未来发展和优化具有重要的参考价值。

Along with the development of the new power system under"Dual Carbon"goal,the access of distributed new energy makes the distribution network a new active one.Emerging new services of information interaction and real-time control requires a"cloudedge-device"architecture instead of the traditional"cloud-device"collaborative business architecture,especially due to the need for localized real-time processing of business data.Based on the business characteristics of the new active distribution network,this paper analyzes the requirements for control chips in distributed intelligent power distribution terminals.Then,regarding the acceleration of weak real-time algorithms for diagnosis and identification,this paper analyzes the kernel-level weak real-time enhancement technology based on CPUs.Regarding strong real-time data preprocessing,different hardware accelerator technologies and their characteristic applications are analyzed.For the real-time and non-real-time multi-business integration problem,the characteristics of real-time interaction for multiple businesses data under different heterogeneous architecture modes are analyzed.Through careful analysis,SoC(system on chip)based on re-configurable asymmetric heterogeneous multi-core architecture is a good choice for the real-time requirements of the system in multi-service convergence scenarios.In the end,utilization of technologies such as computing-in-memory and chiplet in real-time enhancement is prospected.By analyzing the service characteristics of the new active distribution network,this paper puts forward the new requirements of the power distributed intelligent distribution terminal control chip,and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies in realizing these requirements,which has important reference value for the development and optimization of the power system in the future.