整合与回应:《监察法实施条例》对监察法制困境的纾解

我国在《监察法》实施后仍存在因监察法律规范供给不足而导致的法制困境。《监察法实施条例》在一定程度上纾解了这种困境,并对学界和实务界围绕《监察法》的诸多困惑及争议做出了回应。《监察法实施条例》主要通过融合相关纪检监察规范性文件、借鉴刑事诉讼法律规范、吸纳《监察法释义》中的办案“规则”等路径,增加了监察法律规范供给。以对监察措施的程序控制强化为视角,《监察法实施条例》回应了既有争议问题,明确规定了各监察措施适用的时间节点、系统整合了谈话措施、部分消除了留置条件的不确定性等。但在政治性话语与法律性话语的交融调适过程中,《监察法实施条例》中仍存在着兼容性方面的偏差和疏漏:职务违法/犯罪二元区分的规则与一体化规则之间、监察规则与纪检规范之间,均存在一定的矛盾或冲突;部分概念表述亦欠缺法律规范应有的精准性和逻辑性。直面由纪委监委合署办公、执纪执法一体推进等所带来的监察法律规范的复杂性,从法制化迈向法治化,是我国监察法制建设的未来方向。

After the implementation of the PRC Supervision Law,there are problems caused by a shortage of related rules.The Implementation Regulation of Supervision Law to some extent eases the current predicament of the supervision legal system in China,and responds to the perplexities and disputes surrounding the Supervision Law in both academic and practical areas.In general,the Regulation has integrated relevant inner-party laws and regulations,learned from the criminal procedure laws,and adopted rules from the Interpretation of Supervision Law.In these ways,the supply of supervision rules has been increased,and the dilemma in the related legal system has been relieved.Taking the reinforcement on procedural control over“supervision measures”as an example,the Regulation responds to many debatable problems and issues,such as clarifying the applicable time nodes of each measure,systematically integrating interview measures,and partially eliminating the uncertainty of detention conditions.However,in the integration process of political and legal discourse systems,there are still some incompatibilities in the Regulation.Contradictions exist between the parallel rules for illegal conduct/crimes and integrated rules.Some contents in the Regulation conflict with disciplinary inspection regulations.Part of the contents is not expressed as rigorously and logically as legal norms should be.Confronting the complexity of the circumstance that the supervision authority and the Party's discipline inspection authority work in the same office,and simultaneously enforce discipline and laws,and changing from the rule by law to the rule of law may be the future direction for the construction of the supervision legal system in China.