仲裁员选任困境与解决路径——仲裁员与当事人法律关系的视角

The Predicaments and Solutions of the Selections of Arbitrators:From the Perspective of the Legal Relationship between the Arbitrators and the Parties to Arbitration

仲裁员的独立性与公正性,是争议得以通过仲裁方式得到公正、有效解决的基石。仲裁员独立公正地行使仲裁权不仅应当排除公权力的不法干扰,也应当注意避免受到仲裁员与仲裁当事人法律关系的不当影响。构建合理有效的仲裁员与仲裁当事人法律关系模型,是共任仲裁员、单边仲裁员与仲裁当事人的共同诉求。这既是对当事人需求的合理回应,也是对仲裁员工作的有效保障,更是对仲裁行业健康发展的重要推动。仲裁员与仲裁当事人之间是一种兼具合同关系与身份关系的复合法律关系,可称之为特殊仲裁服务法律关系。我国《仲裁法》并未明确仲裁员与仲裁当事人法律关系的性质,需要通过妥当解释使其与仲裁实践相协调,为我国仲裁的长足发展提供坚实的法律保障。

The independence and impartiality of arbitrators are the cornerstones for the fair and effective settlement of disputes through arbitration.The independent and fair exercise of the arbitrator’s arbitration right should not only exclude the unlawful interference of public power,but also avoid the improper influence of the legal relationship between the arbitrators and the parties to arbitration.The construction of a reasonable and effective model of the legal relationship between arbitrators and parties to arbitration is a common aspiration of co-arbitrators,unilateral arbitrators and parties to arbitration.This is not only an effective response to the needs of the parties,but also a reasonable guarantee for the work of the arbitrator,and an important promotion of the healthy development of the arbitration industry.The legal relationship between the arbitrators and the parties to arbitration is a kind of compound legal relationship with both the contractual relationship and the identity relationship.It can be called special arbitration service legal relationship.The"Arbitration Law"in China does not specify the nature of the legal relationship between the arbitrators and the parties to arbitration.It must be properly explained to align it with the arbitration practiceand provide a solid legal guarantee for the long-term development of our arbitration industry.