十至十三世纪中国各民族政权的“中国观”与“中国认同”

China’s Ethnic Regimes’ Views of and Identifications with China( 10th to 13th century AD)

在中华民族共同体形成的过程中,将中国古代无论是汉族(政权),还是边疆民族(政权),统一于“多元一体格局”之下的“共同体意识”,便是中国古代的“中国认同”。中国古代各民族及其政权,从自称“中国”,到接续“中国”历史谱系,再到“中国认同”的进一步扩大,这一过程可理解为中华民族共同体形成的历史逻辑。十至十三世纪,由于向往成为“天地之中”“文化中心”,各政权纷纷自称“中国”。以此为起点,认同作为“中国”一分子的政权,积极通过各种方式加入“中国”谱系,接续“中国”历史。在此基础上,“中国认同”不断扩大,即不仅同时期各政权认同彼此作为“中国”一分子的身份,后世王朝同样认同前朝作为“中国”一分子的身份。古代“中国”无论在“大一统”时期,还是如十至十三世纪分裂割据时期,在“中国认同”的旗帜下,始终保持同一性和一体性特征,成为中华民族生生不息的根本动力所在。

During the formation of community for the Chinese nation in ancient China,it is“sense of community”,which integrates both Han regimes and ethnic regimes into a“diverse and unified pattern”,that constitutes the“identifications with China”.In ancient China,ethnic groups and their regimes have gone from calling themselves"China",to inheriting the historical genealogy of"China",and then to the further expanding their"identifications with China".This process can be understood as the historical logic of the formation of community for the Chinese nation.From 10^(th)to 13^(th)century AD,various ethnic regimes in China called themselves“China”because of their yearning to be“the center of heaven and earth”and“cultural center”.From then on,regimes that identified themselves as a part of“China”proactively joined the“China”genealogy in a variety of ways,and continued the history of“China”.On that basis,“identifications with China”further expanded,meaning not only regimes of the same period recognize each other as a part of“China”,but also later dynasties recognize previous ones as a part of“China”.Whether it’s the“Great Unity”period,or the disunity period between 10^(th)and 13^(th)century,the Ancient China continuously kept its oneness and unity under the flag of“identifications with China”,which has become the everlasting source of Chinese nation.