“实用法治主义”:一个概念与路径的初步分析

On Connotation and Mechanism of the“Practical Legalism”in China

“实用法治主义”是中国传统特色法治的一般形态,其内涵不是法的治理实用性与法治主义的简单叠加。“法治主义”以其“超验正义”为国家对社会的改造注入意识形态合法性;“实用性”则系于“重人生”“事中庸”的道德哲学,试图拉近抽象的法概念、法原则与现实生活之间的鸿沟,实现政通人和,解决实际问题。两者的矛盾结合,藉由中国的特殊语境,呈现为一个相互嵌入的、具有内洽性的整体单元。古往今来,“实用法治主义”中的法治观历经变化,但其实用性并不稍减。这种实用性或是中国法治道路的历史性选择。

The“practical legalism”is the general form of legalism with Chinese characteristics,and its connotation is not a simple superposition of the practical governance and legalism.The doctrine of legalism injects ideological legitimacy into the state's transformation of society with its transcendental justice.And the former one,practicability,originated from the moral philosophy of“valuing the life”and“upholding the doctrine of Mean”,attempting to shorten the gap between the abstract legal principle and the real life and to resolve practical problems with practical mastery.The composition of the two make a functional powerful management tool,which is logical internally.From ancient China to the present,the doctrine of rule of law in the phrase of“practical legalism”changes a lot,but the practicability remains the same.Such practicability sits as a heavy attribute in the rule of law in China.