美国中期选举与印太战略调整

U.S.Mid-term Elections and Adjustment of its Indo-Pacific Strategy

美国中期选举以两党分别控制两院、府会对立而告终。在中期选举期间,两党候选人围绕“印太优先”、美国战略投入、对华战略、与印太关键国家的合作、印太关键议题等展开了激烈争论。随着共和党重掌众议院,拜登政府会将更多精力用于外交事务,国会在积极开展外交活动的同时,也将利用职权影响拜登政府外交政策的制定和实施。由于两党在“印太优先”、对华遏制、扩大军事投入等方面具有较强共识,拜登政府会投入更多资源用于印太事务,加快对华脱钩,更多聚焦联盟合作与“一体化威慑”。两党保守势力对自由贸易、多边合作、国际援助、对外投资、全球气候和新能源合作的反对,则会限制拜登政府印太经济框架、“全球基础设施伙伴关系”、多边安全合作、全球气候治理等议程,共和党反对扩大政府财政支出也会影响印太战略的资源投入。面对美国印太战略调整带来的压力,中国需要综合施策、积极应对,破解美国印太战略的打压遏制,争取良好的外部发展环境。

In the end of 2022 U.S.mid-term elections,the Democratic Party won a Senate Majority,the GOP regained control of the House of Representatives,and divided government was back.During the elections,candidates of the two parties engaged in heated debates on Indo-Pacific first,U.S.strategic input,strategy toward China,cooperation with key countries and key issues in the Indo-Pacific.With the GOP controlled the House of Representatives again,the Biden administration will devote more energy to foreign affairs.While active in diplomacy,Congress will also use its power to influence the formulation and implementation of the Biden administration's foreign policy.Since the two parties have a strong consensus on Indo-Pacific first,containment of China and expansion of military input,the Biden administration will devote more resources to Indo-Pacific affairs,speed up the.decoupling from China,and focus more on alliance cooperation and“integrated deterrence”.The opposition of conservative forces in both parties to free trade,multilateral cooperation,international aid,foreign investment,global climate and new energy cooperation will limit the Biden administration's agenda,like Indo-Pacific economic framework(IPEF),“global infrastructure partnership”,multilateral security cooperation,global climate governance.The GOP's opposition to expanding government fiscal expenditure will also affect the resource input of Indo-Pacific strategy.In face of the pressure brought by the adjustment of America's Indo-Pacific strategy,China should take a comprehensive approach and respond actively which aims to break America's suppression and containment.China also needs to strive for a favorable external environment for development.