乡村遗产旅游地“三生”空间的主体价值重塑——以广府古城为例

Reconstruction of Subjective Value of Production-Living-Ecology Space in Rural Heritage Tourism Destinations:The Case of Guangfu Ancient Town

乡村遗产承载着人类与自然和谐相处的生态智慧,传统生产技术、敬畏自然的人文精神和丰富的地方性知识都是生态文明社会建立和发展的重要基石。20世纪末,继文化旅游产业相继嵌入,乡村遗产旅游地在空间再生产过程中存在隔离、挤压与脱域现象。文章将"文化主体性"纳入流动的乡村空间体系中考量,探讨乡村遗产地由地方记忆的载体演化为景观社会过程中生产、生活与生态空间的变迁表征,聚焦于"三生"空间功能、属性与边界转换中原住民、政府、投资商等多元主体日常实践的困惑与响应——资源的圈禁与生产空间的失序、内卷的集市与生活空间的规训、多元的民间信仰与相对稳定的人文生态空间。文章以邯郸市广府古城为例,试图构建"三生"空间视角下的乡村主体价值再现框架":家园遗产"重建生产-生态空间的秩序"、微创式"家庭策略变迁实现生活-生产空间的共生"、景镇村"联动共创"三生"空间价值,以期为正经历着变迁的乡村遗产旅游地人居环境优化与重构提供决策依据和经验借鉴,从而推动乡村振兴。

Rural heritage comprises the inherited wisdom of the harmony between humans and nature.Traditional production technologies,a humanistic spirit of reverence for natural forces,and local traditional culture form the basis for developing an ecological civilization society.The end of the last century in China saw great growth in domestic tourism and culture industries,the phenomenon of isolation,increased lack of living space,and temporal and spatial separation existed in the country’s rural heritage destinations.Cultural subjectivity has to be considered in an analysis of the changing rural space system in China.The present study examined the changing features and functions of the production-living-ecology space in the context of the modernization of the country’s traditional society.In this research,differences in the use of the production-living-ecology space were investigated in Guangfu ancient town,in Handan city,Hebei province.(1)In Guangfu ancient town,the production space mainly refers to East Street,South Street,and new tourist amusement areas that have developed outside the ancient town.(2)The living space refers to West Street and North Street,which have maintained a traditional market environment and ways of living,in addition to the residential area of streets and alleys that intersect behind the main street.(3)The ecological space comprises the natural environment of farmland and lakes surrounding the rural heritage;it also covers the festivals,beliefs,and cultural codes passed on over the generations.This study examined the development of the production-living-ecology space from the perspective of"space-subject"mutual construction in Guangfu ancient town.It also investigated the reactions and issues among residents,government agencies,investment enterprises,and cultural organizations in daily practice with respect to the following factors:(1)restricted resources and disorder in the production space;(2)market of inner volume and stipulations in the living space;(3)diverse folk beliefs and a relatively stable human ecological space.To identify the value of cultural subjectivity in rural China,it is necessary to assess the special significance of the production-living-ecology space in the regeneration of rural heritage.It is also important to examine how such cultural subjectivity has changed in rural areas over time;it is imperative to clarify how cultural subjectivity has constantly adapted to the local ecology and gradually led to self-adjustment,self-renewal,and common development.This study examined Guangfu ancient town.This paper investigated how the subjective value in that rural area underwent modification with respect to the production-living-ecology space.Homestead heritage played an important role in the development of the production-ecological space.Minimally invasive family strategies helped achieve symbiosis in the life-production space.The multicultural subjectivities related to tourist attractions,towns,and villages assisted in enhancing the value of the production-living-ecology space.Optimizing the living environment as well as space reconstruction strategies and experiences is necessary for similar rural heritage destinations toward promoting rural revitalization.