从共同富裕到精准扶贫——新中国反贫困思想的历史考察

From “Common Prosperity” to “Accurate Poverty Alleviation”——Historical Research on Anti-poverty Thought of New China

新中国反贫困思想可分为三个时期,每一时期都有不同的特征:社会主义建设初期的反贫困思想坚持计划经济和人民公社实现共同富裕目标;改革开放时期的反贫困思想以开发式扶贫为主线,并构建东西协作反贫困理论;经济新常态下的反贫困思想通过对贫困问题的中西交流和总结反思,探索研究精准扶贫理论。不同阶段的反贫困思想深深地烙有时代的印记,然而其演进过程遵循着同一条学术理路,即从"扶贫制度建设"转向"脱贫能力培育"。梳理新中国反贫困思想演进的学术理路,有助于我们检讨学术动向,为未来理论发展提供依据。

The anti-poverty thought of new China can be divided into three periods,every period has different characteristics.The anti-poverty thought in the early period of socialist construction insisted on planned economy and People’s Commune to realize the goal of common prosperity;Anti-poverty thought in the period of Reform and Opening-up took the development type of poverty alleviation as the main idea and constructs the anti-poverty theory of cooperation between the east and the west;Anti-poverty thought under the economic new normal explores the accurate poverty alleviation theory through the communication and summary on the poverty problem.The anti-poverty thought in different periods has deep time marks,but its evolutional process follows the same academic clue from"poverty alleviation system construction"to"anti-poverty ability cultivation".Studies on academic clue of new China’s anti-poverty thought helps us review the academic trends and provide for the future development of theory.