托市收购政策下粮食供应链利益协调机制研究

Research on The Interest Coordination Mechanism of Grain Supply Chain Under The Acquisition Policy

本文基于供应链管理视角,分析粮食流通主体行为特征,并对托市收购政策下的粮食供应链利益协调机制进行理论分析,提出相应研究假说。在此基础上理论建模探讨粮食收储信息不对称和国际粮价冲击下供应链利益协调的可能性。最终结合我国粮食供应链实践,模拟分析不同情景下粮食供应链的利益协调情况。研究结论如下:①粮食供应链现行的利益协调方式可以看作是标准批发价契约,在托市收购政策作用下,供应链有实现协调的可能。②托市收购政策下的粮食供应链利益协调机制过于依赖政府的宏观调控,并没有促使粮农和粮食收购企业形成利益共同体。因此,随着托市价格的不断提高,供应链实现协调时的粮食产量会持续增大,进而加剧了粮食收购企业高库存问题,最终导致政府对企业的财政补贴压力日益沉重。③粮食收储信息不对称以及国际低粮价会对国内粮食批发市场需求造成挤压作用,虽然不会影响粮农的种植决策,但会进一步加剧粮食企业高库存和政府高财政支出的问题。

Based on the perspective of SCM(supply chain management),this paper analyzes the behavioral characteristics of food circulation entities,analyzes the benefits coordination mechanism of the grain supply chain under the grain support and procurement policies and proposes the corresponding research hypothesis.Based on this,theoretical modeling is used to explore the possibility to coordinate the supply chain interests under the impact of information asymmetry of grain collection and storage and international food price shocks.Finally,combining with the practices of our country’s grain supply chain,the benefit coordination of grain supply chain in different scenarios is simulated and analyzed.The conclusions are as follows:First,the current interest coordination mode of the grain supply chain can be regarded as the standard wholesale price contract.Under the action of the grain support and procurement policies,the supply chain has the possibility of realizing coordination;Second,the benefits coordination mechanism of the grain supply chain under the grain support and procurement policies is too dependent on the government’s macro-control,which has not promoted the formation of a community of interests for grain farmers and grain purchasing enterprises.Therefore,with the continuous increasing of the market price,the grain production will continue to increase when the supply chain is coordinated,thereby aggravates the problem of high inventory of grain purchasing companies,eventually leads to increasingly heavy pressure on the government’s financial subsidies to enterprises;Third,the asymmetric information on grain storage and international low food prices will cause extrusion effect to domestic wholesale grain market demand.Although it will not affect the planting decisions of grain farmers,but will further intensify high inventory of grain companies and high government expenditures.