国家支持西部农村学前教育发展的回顾与展望——基于2010—2020年相关政策文本的分析

Review and Expectations of Supporting the Development of Rural Preschool Education in Western China——based on Analysis of Relevant Policy Texts from 2010 to 2020

2010—2020年是我国学前教育发展的“黄金十年”,国家出台了一系列扶持西部农村学前教育发展的政策。梳理分析十年来的相关政策文件发现:国家对西部农村学前教育发展的政策供给呈现出周期性的集群特点,以教育扶贫为背景逐步推进。政策重点关注农村学前教育的硬件设施、教师队伍、财政投入、弱势儿童教养等方面;以“以人为本”和“公平性”为价值取向,为西部农村学前教育发展营造了良好的政策环境。展望未来,建设面向现代化的西部农村学前教育,国家需要继续从优化投入机制、合理配置资源、加强教师队伍建设、规范普惠性民办园发展等方面进行政策跟进。

2010—2020 is the“golden decade”for the development of preschool education in China.The government has promulgated a series of policies,all of which involve the development of rural preschool education.Based on the analysis of the relevant policy documents in the past ten years,this paper comes to the conclusions as follows:The policies which aim at the development of rural preschool education in western China,present the characteristics of periodic policy clusters no supplying,and are gradually promoted based on the background of educational poverty alleviation.The policies focus on the hardware facilities,teachers,financial investment,vulnerable children education and other aspects of rural preschool education;take“people-oriented”and“fairness”as the value orientation;thus create a good policy environment for the development of rural preschool education in Western China.Looking forward to the future,in order to promote the modernization of rural preschool education in Western China,the state needs to continuously promulgate policies from optimizing the investment mechanism,rationally allocating resources,building a contingent of rural teacher staff,and standardizing the operation of public-interest private kindergartens.