信息通信技术普及中的民生风险感知转变

The transformation of public livelihood risk perception under the background of ICT popularization

信息通信技术的普及应用产生了复杂的社会影响。基于中国家庭追踪调查数据,从多个维度构建民生风险感知指标,采用多元回归、固定效应模型以及工具变量法探究了公众的互联网使用行为与民生风险感知的关联性。研究结果表明:第一,信息通信技术的普及对公众民生风险感知的转变产生了深刻影响,互联网使用行为显著增强了个体的民生风险感知水平。第二,互联网对民生风险感知的强化效应在不同群体间存在程度上的差异,其强化效应在中高收入和中老年群体以及城镇地区更加明显。第三,在环境保护、医疗、教育和贫富差距等领域的民生风险感知转变过程中,互联网发挥的强化效应更为突出。

The information and communication technology plays a key role in the development of economic society.The information and communication technology represented by the internet has broken through the limitations of human beings in information exchange,storage and transmission,and become the supporting elements of the information society.Wechat,short video and other mobile internet applications directly drive a large number of users actively into the information network.The internet has brought unprecedented changes to the dissemination mode and efficiency of all kinds of information.It further deepens the depth and coverage of information and communication technology in economic society.The introduction of the internet has made all kinds of livelihood services more convenient and efficient,and increased the public’s sense of livelihood gains in areas of public concern such as pension,medical care,education and employment.However,the transmission and amplification effect of the internet on negative information cannot be ignored.While technology brings development dividends to the economy and society,it also changes the subjective attitude and risk perception of social members.The widespread application of information and communication technology has produced complex social effects.The"risk amplification"effect of the dissemination of livelihood risk information through the internet may improve individuals’understanding of livelihood risk.Therefore,in the context of the popularization and application of information and communication technology,it is particularly necessary to discuss the impact of internet use behavior on public livelihood risk perception,especially in Chinese society where"livelihood anxiety"is widespread and internet information and communication technology is highly popular.The study was based on data from China Family Panel Studies from 2014 to 2018.The risk perception index of people’s livelihood is constructed from seven dimensions:social security,employment,education,medical treatment,housing,environmental protection and the gap between the rich and the poor.Multiple regression,fixed effect model and instrumental variable method were used to explore the correlation between internet use behavior and people’s livelihood risk perception.The results of this study are as follows.First,the popularity of information and communication technology has a profound impact on the transformation of people’s livelihood risk perception.Internet use behavior significantly enhances the level of people’s livelihood risk perception.Second,the strengthening effect of internet on people’s livelihood risk perception is different among different groups,which is more obvious in middle-income and high-income groups,middle-aged and old-aged groups as well as urban areas.Third,the internet has played a more prominent role in the transformation of people’s livelihood risk perception in areas such as environmental protection,health care,education and the gap between the rich and the poor.The theoretical contributions of this study are as follows.At the theoretical level,based on the discussion of people’s livelihood risk perception,this paper can expand the academic community’s understanding of influencing factors of people’s livelihood risk perception in China.At the practical level,this paper can reveal the basic situation of dual interaction between technology application and people’s livelihood risk perception under the tide of informatization.It provides reference for Chinese government to promote risk information governance in digital society.The research shows that in the new era,the resolution of people’s livelihood risk perception not only depends on the continuous improvement of people’s livelihood,but also requires the coordinated promotion of technology empowerment and risk information governance.