关于所有权、控制权、收益权识别的研究:建立受益所有人识别系统

On Recognition of Ownership,Control,and Right to Proceeds:Establish the System of Recognizing Beneficial Owners

客户身份识别正在成为全球范围内反洗钱工作的中心与重心,然而在复杂结构的构建与识别之间存在不对称,即构建任意复杂的结构相对容易,对其进行有效识别却可能异常困难,甚至出现运用传统方法无法识别的情况,这已成为客户身份识别尤其是受益所有人识别领域的痛点和难点。然而国内外学界对此缺乏充分关注与深入研究,主要存在“三个不平衡”:所有权、控制权、收益权研究之间的不平衡,国际学界与国内学界之间的不平衡,学术研究与金融实践之间的不平衡,由此进一步加剧了构建与识别之间的不对称。本文对所有权、控制权、收益权识别展开研究,建立受益所有人识别系统,有效解决上述不对称和不平衡问题。

Customer identity recognition is becoming the focus of anti-money laundering around the globe,and there exists enormous asymmetry between construction and recognition of complex structures:It is relatively easy to construct arbitrarily complex structures while to effectively recognize them becomes exceptionally difficult,even impossible by employing traditional recognition methods.This has become the arch pain in areas of customer identity recognition,especially of recognizing beneficial owners.Meanwhile,academia,domestically or abroad,has not paid enough attention to this problem.There exists mainly three disequilibria:First,the disequilibrium of research between ownership,control,and right to proceeds.Second,the disequilibrium of research bewteen foreign and native studies.Third,the disequilibrium between research and application.Consequently,these three disequilibria have been exacerbating the asymmetry between construction and recognition.Hence,this paper focuses on recognition of ownership,control,and right to proceeds,and by establishing the system of recognizing beneficial owners,provides with an effective solution to the asymmetry and disequilibrium problems.