商业养老保险对农村老年人生活满意度的影响研究——来自湖北省的调查数据

The Impact of Commercial Endowment Insurance on Life Satisfaction of Rural Elderly People——Evidence from Hubei Province

商业养老保险是养老保障体系的第三大支柱,是提高老年人收入、保障"老有所养"的有效投资方式。购买商业养老保险是否能显著提升老年人的生活满意度和幸福感?本文以湖北省恩施州、襄阳市、荆州市三个地区的农村老年人为调查对象,实证检验了商业养老保险对生活满意度的影响。统计表明:农村老年人参与商业养老保险的比例非常低,且36.5%的老人对自己的生活满意度持"一般"及以下态度;参保组与未参保组在性别、婚姻状况、教育程度、居住方式、养老担忧及收入水平上存在显著差异。为避免样本自选择产生的估计偏误,本文使用PSM方法评估了商业养老保险对老人生活满意度的影响。结果显示,商业养老保险能够显著改善老年人的生活满意度,但匹配后的影响变小了。根据性别、年龄、收入等分组分别进行分样本分析,本文进一步发现参保对生活满意度的影响有明显的组间差异。上述结论的政策指向是:加强商业养老保险的宣传力度,以提高农村居民的参与程度,从而提升其生活满意度。

Based on 493 samples from Hubei province,this paper focuses on the effect of commercial endowment insurance on life satisfaction.The results show that the proportion of rural elderly’s participation in commercial pension insurance is very low,and 36.5%of the elderly aren’t satisfied enough with their lives.In order to avoid selection bias,this paper uses PSM to assess the impact of commercial endowment insurance on the life satisfaction.The results show that commercial endowment insurance can significantly improve the life satisfaction of the elderly,but the effect after matching becomes weaker.The policy direction is that we should strengthen the publicity of commercial endowment insurance in rural areas.