柴胡皂苷抗炎、抗氧化和降脂研究进展

Progress in the study of saikosaponins on anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and lipid-lowering effects

柴胡皂苷是中药柴胡的主要活性成分,包括原生苷、同环双烯类、异环双烯类、齐墩果酸型和△12齐墩果烷型等5种类型。柴胡皂苷具有强抗炎活性,体内研究结果显示柴胡皂苷可有效缓解炎症性疾病,降低促炎性细胞因子的表达,主要通过抑制核因子κB信号通路发挥抗炎作用。柴胡皂苷具有较强的抗氧化活性,可显著降低氧自由基和脂质过氧化产物丙二醛的水平,增强超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶等抗氧化酶的活性。柴胡皂苷也具有降脂作用。基于柴胡皂苷在抗炎、抗氧化和降脂中的作用,柴胡皂苷可望应用于动脉粥样硬化的防治。

Saikosaponins are the main active ingredients of Bupleurum chinense,including five subtypes:protoglycoside,homoannular diene,heteroannular diene,oleanolic acid and△12 oleanane.Saikosaponins have strong anti-inflammatory activities.In vivo studies have shown that saikosaponins can effectively alleviate inflammatory diseases and reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,mainly by inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway.Saikosaponins have antioxidant activities.It can significantly reduce the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde which is one of the lipid peroxidation products,and enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione peroxidase.Saikosaponins may also have lipid-lowering effects.Based on the roles of saikosaponins in anti-inflammation,anti-oxidation and lipid-lowering effects,saikosaponins are expected to be used in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.