“十四五”时期我国生态补偿机制的政策需求与发展方向

Policy Demand and Development Direction of Ecological Compensation Mechanism in China During the 14th Five-Year Plan Period——Based on the Perspective of Ecosystem Service Value Accounting

建立并逐步完善多元化、市场化的生态补偿机制是"十四五"时期推进生态文明建设的重点领域。长期以来,我国生态补偿机制存在补偿标准模糊、主客体识别不够精准等问题,从而降低了生态补偿机制的运行效率。"十四五"时期,必须将解决现有问题凝练为制度建设的政策需求和发展方向,将生态补偿制度建设与国家重大发展战略深度融合,进一步提高生态补偿效率,建立健全多元化、市场化的生态补偿机制。要吸收借鉴生态系统服务价值核算的方法与思路,探索生态系统服务价值核算在生态补偿机制中的应用,确立既能兼顾公平和效率,又具有较强可操作性的生态补偿标准。

Establishing and gradually improving a diversified and market-oriented ecological compensation mechanism is a key area for promoting the construction of ecological civilization during the 14th Five-Year Plan period.For a long time,there are some problems with China’s ecological compensation mechanism,such as fuzzy compensation standards and inaccurate identification of subject and object,which has reduced the operating efficiency of the ecological compensation mechanism.During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,existing problems must be condensed into policy demand and development direction for system construction.It is necessary to deeply integrate the construction of an ecological compensation system with major national development strategies,further improve the efficiency of ecological compensation,and establish a sound diversified market-oriented ecological compensation mechanism.It is necessary to absorb and learn from the methods and ideas of ecosystem service value accounting,explore the application of ecosystem service value accounting in the ecological compensation system,and establish ecological compensation standards with a consideration of fairness and efficiency and with strong operability.