乡村振兴视域下欠发达地区传统村落旅游开发空间结构探析——以湘西州为例

A Study of Tourism Development Spatial Structure of Traditional Villages in Underdeveloped Area from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization:A Case Study of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture

乡村振兴背景下,传统村落因历史建筑集聚及民族文化深厚,具备旅游开发的理想资源条件。然而,欠发达地区的传统村落因存在基础设施建设不完善、可进入性差、非农产业发展艰难等问题,使其旅游开发严重受阻。基于此,对传统村落地理位置与交通可达性进行旅游空间结构研究,为加速传统村落乡村振兴进程提供理论支持具有重要意义。运用空间句法模型,从拓扑学连接的角度对湘西州传统村落空间关系进行评价,并提出适应于该地区的旅游开发空间区划策略。结果表明:(1)湘西州传统村落分布不均衡,总体呈局部凝聚型,主要在西南部、中部和西北部形成三个高密度集聚区;(2)湘西州传统村落的全局可达性和局部可达性总体水平较低,而感知可达性总体水平较高,其中地形地势、水系和路网等级在一定程度上影响传统村落可达性。基于上述研究结果,运用多因子综合叠加分析法、旅游区位商模型和"点—轴系统"理论,构建"三核、双轴、三圈"的湘西州传统村落旅游空间结构系统,为不同发展类型传统村落有针对性地进行旅游开发与保护提供科学依据和参考。

Under the background of rural revitalization,traditional villages have the ideal resources for tourism development due to their agglomeration of historical buildings and profound traditional culture.However,the tourism development of traditional villages in the underdeveloped areas is seriously hindered by their inadequate infrastructure construction,poor accessibility,and difficult development of non-agricultural industries,etc.In view of this,to study the tourism spatial structure in terms of the geographical location and traffic accessibility of traditional villages is of great significance,for it can provide theoretic support for accelerating the process of rural revitalization of the traditional villages.From the perspective of topological connection,this paper adopts the model of spatial syntax to comment on the spatial relationship of the traditional villages in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture.It also puts forward a tourism development spatial division strategy suitable for that area.The results show that:firstly,the overall distribution of traditional villages in Xiangxi is uneven,with three cluster areas of high density in the southwest,the middle and the northwest regions;secondly,the global accessibility and local accessibility of the traditional villages in Xiangxi are relatively poor,while the perceptive accessibility is relatively higher,and the accessibility of traditional villages are influenced by local terrain and topography,water system,and road network level.