2021年度空军招飞医学选拔高考前定选超声科淘汰异常谱分析

Abnormal spectra of students eliminated by the Department of Ultrasound before medical examination of Air Force recruits in 2021

目的总结2021年度空军招飞医学选拔高考前定选超声科淘汰异常谱,为完善医学选拔项目设置、提高招飞效率和质量提供参考。方法以参加2021年高考前定选超声科淘汰学生为研究对象,对淘汰率、淘汰项目及不同片区之间差异进行统计学分析。结果2021年度定选超声科共淘汰学生265名,总淘汰率4.50%,高于2018、2019年度定选超声科的总淘汰率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2021年度定选心脏超声淘汰176名,淘汰率2.99%,高于2018、2019年度,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);腹部超声淘汰89名,淘汰率1.51%,3个年度间差异无统计学意义(P=0.104)。2021年度心脏超声淘汰率高于腹部超声,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。心脏超声淘汰项目前6位依次为卵圆孔未闭、三尖瓣中量反流、房间隔膨出瘤、主动脉瓣畸形、房间隔缺损和二尖瓣脱垂。腹部超声淘汰项目前6位依次是肾囊肿、胆囊息肉样病变、肝血管瘤、肾结石、胆囊壁胆固醇结晶和胆囊结石。不同片区心脏、腹部超声淘汰率比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论招飞定选全面开展心脏超声检查效果显著,有必要将其纳入复选和青少年航校入校选拔常规检查项目。

Objective To summarize the disease spectra of students eliminated by the Department of Ultrasound during medical selection of the Air Force recruits before the college entrance examination in 2021.Methods Taking the students eliminated by the Department of Ultrasound before the college entrance examination in 2021 as the subjects,the diseases that led to elimination and the difference between different areas were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 265 students were eliminated by the Ultrasound Department in 2021,with a total elimination rate of 4.50%,which was significantly higher than in 2018 and 2019(P<0.05).In 2021,176 patients were eliminated after cardiac ultrasound examination,and the elimination rate was 2.99%,which was significantly higher than in 2018 and 2019(P<0.05).In 2021,89 patients were eliminated due to abdominal ultrasound,and the elimination rate was 1.51%.There was no statistically significant difference in the elimination rate by abdominal ultrasound between the three years(P=0.104).The elimination rate by cardiac ultrasound in 2021 was statistically higher than that of abdominal ultrasound,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The top six diseases that were responsible for elimination by cardiac ultrasound were patent foramen ovale,tricuspid regurgitation,atrial septal aneurysm,aortic valve malformation,atrial septal defect and mitra valve prolapsed,compared with renal cyst,gallbladder polyp lesion,hepatic hemangioma,renal calculi,gallbladder wall cholesterol crysta and gallbladder stone by abdominal ultrasound.There was no statistically significant difference in the elimination rate by cardiac and abdominal ultrasound between different areas(P<0.001).Conclusion It is recommended that comprehensive cardiac ultrasound examination be included into the medical selection of the Air Force recruits from teenager aviation schools.