人大脑内血管铸型的显微解剖观察

MICROANATOMY AND SEM OBSERVATIONS OF INTRACEREBRAL VESSELS

应用6212-Ⅲ型手术显微镜,观察了灌注ABS的10个儿童脑半球的脑内血管,并用TSM-Ⅰ型扫描电镜进行了观察。1.软膜动脉网为不规则的吻合网,网眼内有许多未梢支并未吻合,而直角弯曲穿入脑实质。穿入点多沿脑回纵行排成非直线的两行,且多偏于一侧。2.软膜静脉网多在动脉网深面,汇成较大的支以后才越至动脉网的浅面。3.皮质动脉平均直径44.30±6.28μm,可由各级分支直接发出,垂直穿入,丛密如刷毛样。4.皮质静脉属支汇集成倒置的宝塔松样。5.髓质动脉长短粗细不一,平均直径158.20±75.71μm,在脑回顶穿入的是直的,在脑沟穿入的,穿过皮质后有不同程度的弯曲。穿经皮质无分支,中段直角分支呈“T”形分岔,深段又锐角分支如树根样,与中央动脉形成广泛的吻合。还发现不少波浪形扭曲的髓质动脉。本文还把这些动脉的铸型标本经扫描电镜观察。对髓质静脉和中央动脉等也进行了显微解剖和描述。

Intracerebral vessels from 10 hemispheres of children were perfused with ABS and observed under the 6212-Ⅲsurgical microscope and TSM-Ⅰscanning electron microscope.1.The arterial network of the pia mater shows irregular anastomoses.Many terminal branches in the meshwork do not form anastomosis but perforate into the brain tissue at right angle.Most of the points where the arteries perforate are longit udinally arranged along the gyri.2.The venous network of the pia mater usually lies deeper than the arteries and becomes superficial to the latter after joining together to form larger vessels.3.The cortical arteries have an average diameter of 44.3μm.They are densely distributed like hairs of a brush.4.The tributaries of the cortical veins join to form larger veins assuming the shape of an inverted fir tree.5.The medullary arteries are different in length and in diameter.The diameter averages 158.2μm.The arteries perforating through the top of the gyrus are straight but those from the sulcus bend to a certain degree after they pass through the cortex.Branches from the middle segments come out vertically and form"T"-shape branches.The deep segments send out branches like the roots of a tree and form widespread anastomoses with the central arteries.Wavy,tortuous medullary arteries can be also found.The casts of these arteries were observed under the SEM.The medullary veins and central arteries have been studied and described microanatomically.