人体腰椎骨的营养动脉

NUTRIENT ARTERIES OF THE LUMBAR VERTEBRAE IN MAN

1.用解剖、透明、腐蚀铸型、X线摄影以及组织学切片等方法研究了55例不同年龄的新鲜尸体腰椎骨的营养动脉。2.椎体营养动脉由椎体的腹外侧面和背侧面进入骨质,可分为伸至椎体中心的中央支和分布于椎体周围部分的周围支。椎体腹外侧营养动脉的中央支通常有1~3支,平均2.24±0.09支;椎体背侧营养动脉的中央支绝大多数为1~2支,平均1.47±0.04支,是供应椎体的主要营养动脉。周围支数目多而不恒定,由椎体腹外侧面进入的平均7.83±0.21支,由背侧面进入的平均5.67±0.11支。椎体腹外侧营养动脉的周围支随年龄的增加而明显增多;中央支随腰椎序数的增加而递减。3.中央支位于椎体中1/3平面,呈直而分支少的主干向心走行,其末梢在椎体中心部分形成螺旋状弯曲后呈树枝样分支向椎体上、下端伸展。在成人椎体内,中央支和周围支的分支都互相吻合形成动脉网栅。4.软骨区内的软骨管含有1~2条小静脉和小动脉,以及若干毛细血管和结缔组织。小动脉往往只有一支。5.椎弓营养动脉主要有:椎弓根营养动脉(84.53%±1.57),乳突营养动脉(49.45%±2.34)和椎板营养动脉(47.17%±2.17)等。6.在任何年龄的椎间盘内,特别是纤维环深层和髓核内,均未发现血管。

1.The nutrient arteries of the lumbar vertebrae were studied on 55 fresh cadaversof different ages by dissection,clearing,casting,radiography and histologicalexamination.2.The nutrient arteries of the lumbar vertebral body enter both the ventrolateraland dorsal surfaces of the body.They can be divided into two types:central andperipheral.The central branches reach the center of the body.While the peripheralbranches supply the outer collar of the body.In number,the former is 1 to 3(averagenumber 2.24±0.09)and that of the latter is 1 to 2(average number 1.47±0.04).The peripheral branches are numerous and inconstant.On the ventrolateral surface theperipheral branches have the average number of 7.83±0.21 and 5.67±0.11 on thedorsal surface.The peripheral branches of the ventrolateral nutrient arteries increaseobviously as age advances.On the contrary,the central branches of the ventrolateralnutrient arteries decrease as the ordinal number of the lumbar vertebrae increases.3.The central branches lie in the middle third zone of the body.They havestraight and less branched stem,preterminal coils and centrifugal terminal brancheswhich spread radially to the upper and lower vertebral end-plates of the body.In theadult,the terminals of both central and peripheral branches anastomose each other toform a dense arterial network.4.In the hyaline cartilage,there are cartilaginous canals which contain 1~2 smallveins and arteries,a number of capillaries and a little of amount of the connectivetissue.The small artery is usually only one in number.5.The nutrient arteries of the arch are mainly:to the pedicle of arch(84.53±1.57%),to the mammillary process(49.45±2.34%),and to the lamina(47.17±2.17%).6.At no age have we been to detect any blood supply for the deep part of theannulus fibrous and nucleus pulposus.