Management strategies for allergic reaction following implantation of nickel-containing devices

Over the last thirty years,nickel-containing devices have been widely implemented.These include inferior vena cava(IVC)filters,amplatzer occluders,vascular and non-vascular stents,and other endovascular and implantable devices.Hypersensitivity to these nickel-containing devices has been well documented in the literature and has been reported to cause a major burden to the patients who have received nickelcontaining device implants.Therefore,efforts for prevention,diagnosis,and management of hypersensitivity to nickel-containing devices are strongly encouraged.