政策执行中的压力传导与主动调适——基于H县扶贫迎检的案例研究

Pressure Transfer and Active Adjustment in Policy Implementation: A Case Study on the Preparation for the Inspection of Poverty Alleviation of H County

文章以H县为例,考察了上下级政府在扶贫考核中"督察—迎检"的互动过程,深入分析基层官僚群体在迎检过程中面临的张力和应对行为。通过"政府—社会"互动的案例叙事,跳出"委托—代理"框架下的"命令—抵制"张力模式,分析层级制投影下政策自上而下执行中的压力运转机理,探讨在"压力—情境—认知"框架下,纵向府际间、基层政府与社会间在政策执行中的模糊和富有弹性的相互关联。尤其是分析基层官僚群体在面对政策压力、社会情境和主观认知等不同张力时主动调适,并最终实现了脱贫攻坚政策的有效执行,呈现出良好的政策效果。这一研究发现拓展了政策执行的相关理论,为今后乡村振兴建设的政策执行提供了一个新的研究视角。

Taking H County as an example,this article investigates the interactive process of"supervision and preparation for the inspection"between superior and subordinate governments in poverty alleviation assessment,and deeply analyzes the tension and response behavior faced by local bureaucrats in the process of inspection.Through the case narrative of"government-society"interaction,this article gets out of the"order-resistance"tension mode under the"principal-agent"framework,analyzes the pressure operation mechanism in the top-down policy implementation under the hierarchical projection,and discusses the ambiguity in the policy implementation among the vertical intergovernmental,local government and society under the framework of"pressure-situation-cognition".In particular,it analyzes the active adjustment behavior of street-level bureaucrats in the face of different tensions such as the policy pressure,the social situation and subjective cognition,and finally realizes the effective implementation of poverty alleviation policies,showing good policy effects.This result expands the relevant theory of policy implementation and provides a new research perspective for the policy implementation of rural revitalization in the future.