中国文化产业效率的时空分异与影响因素

Spatio-temporal Differentiation of Chinese Cultural Industry Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors

在推动文化产业建设国民经济支柱性产业的背景下,提高文化产业效率是实现这一目标的重要环节。文章使用SBM模型、核密度估计法和泰尔指数对1998—2018年中国文化产业效率进行测算和时空演进分析,并运用Tobit模型对文化产业效率的影响因素进行识别。结果显示:(1)中国文化产业效率总体呈现波动上涨的趋势,其变动可对应为文化产业初步发展、试点改革、试点改革推广和深化改革四个阶段。(2)中国文化产业效率在空间上表现出东高西低的分布格局,且高效率的省份不断集中。(3)2012年以前,中国文化产业效率的空间差异主要来自于区域内差异,而2012年以后,区域间差异开始产生更大的影响。(4)文化单位数量、文化市场潜力、文化产业基础设施和人力资本等因素共同作用,对中国文化产业效率产生着正向显著的影响。

Improving the efficiency of cultural industry is an important part to promote the cultural industry to be a pillar industry of national economy.This paper uses SBM model,kernel density estimation method and Theil index to measure and analyze the spatial and temporal evolution of the efficiency of China’s cultural industry from 1998 to 2018,and then applies Tobit model to identify the influencing factors of the efficiency of cultural industry.The results show that:1)The overall efficiency of China’s cultural industry shows a trend of fluctuating rise,which can be divided into four stages:initial development,pilot reform,promotion of pilot reform and deepening reform.2)China’s cultural industry efficiency shows the characteristics of increasement from the west to the east,and the provinces with high efficiency are constantly concentrated.3)Before 2012,the spatial differences of China’s cultural industry efficiency mainly came from the intraregional differences;the inter-regional differences began to have a greater impact on the spatial differences of China’s cultural industry efficiency after 2012.4)The number of cultural units,the potential of cultural market,the infrastructure of cultural industry and human capital have a positive and significant impact on the efficiency of China’s cultural industry.