基于SCL-90量表对本科护理学生心理健康状况调查研究

Investigation on mental health status of undergraduate nursing students based on SCL-90 scale

目的调查本科护理学生心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对228名护理本科学生的心理健康状态进行评估,并对不同性别、年级、户籍类型、贫困状态以及是否为学生干部的本科护理学生进行心理健康状况差异性分析。结果本科护理学生在9类症候群下的得分均高于全国常模,且在强迫、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性这4项因子得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001);本科护理专业学生心理健康状况影响因素分析中,性别对于学生的心理健康状况无影响;年级影响护理本科生的心理健康且在9类症候群下的得分均具有统计学差异(P<0.001);不同户籍类型的护理本科生各因子得分比较中在躯体化、人际关系敏感等5项因子下的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);是否为贫困生的差异性比较中在强迫症状、人际关系敏感等8项因子中的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);是否为学生干部的差异性比较中,恐怖这项因子得分具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论本科护理学生的心理健康状况水平较低,存在负性心理情绪,在心理健康教育过程中需要从多角度出发寻求对策,从而改善其心理问题,从而培养合格护理人才。

Objective To investigate the mental health status of undergraduate nursing students and its influencing factors.Methods The Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)was used to evaluate the mental health status of 228 undergraduate nursing students with different gender,grade,household registration type,poverty status and whether they were student cadres was carried out.Results The mental health of undergraduate nursing students was higher than the national norm under the nine syndromes and the scores of the four factors of forcing,anxiety,terror,and psychosis were statistically significant(P<0.001);in the analysis of the influencing factors of mental health status of undergraduate nursing students,gender had no effect on the mental health status of students;the grade level affected the mental health of nursing undergraduates and the scores under the nine syndromes were statistically different(P<0.001);there were statistically significant differences in the scores of five factors including somatization and interpersonal sensitivity among nursing undergraduates with different household registration types(P<0.05);there were significant differences in eight factors,such as obsessive-compulsive symptoms and interpersonal sensitivity,between the differences of poverty-stricken students and non-poverty-stricken students.(P<0.05);there was a statistical difference in the score of terror factor in the difference of whether they were student cadres or not(P<0.05).Conclusion Undergraduate nursing students have a low level of mental health and negative psychological emotions.In the process of mental health education,it is necessary to seek countermeasures from multiple perspectives to improve their psychological problems and cultivate qualified nursing talents.