2018年河南省居民死因监测点人群死因特征分析

The characteristics of Death Causes Surveillance and Analysis of Residents in Henan, 2018

目的评价2018年河南省居民死亡原因和死亡水平,为制定卫生决策提供依据。方法采用2018年河南省疾病监测系统死因监测资料,使用国家《死因监测数据清洗与分析工具》和SPSS20.0软件进行分析。结果河南省居民报告粗死亡率为582.40/10万,男性高于女性(P<0.0001);构成比依次为2.19%、88.78%和7.06%,城市、农村地区三大类疾病间差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001);死因前五位为脑血管病、心脏病、恶性肿瘤、伤害和呼吸系统疾病,累计占死亡总数的90.9%;不同年龄组的前三位死亡原因差别大。结论慢性非传染性疾病已经成为危害河南省居民健康的主要原因,应针对不同年龄和性别人群,采取精准、综合的干预措施,从而降低居民死亡率,提高我省期望寿命水平。

Odjective To evaluate the cause and level of death of residents in Henan Province in 2018, and to provide evidence for making health decisions. Methods This paper utilized data mainly from Henan Province Disease surveillance system death cause surveillance in 2018. The analysis was carried out using the National "Cause of Monitoring and Analysis of Data of Death Cause" and SPSS20.0 software. Results Residents in Henan Province reported a crude mortality rate of 582.40 per 100,000, which was higher in males than in females(P<0.000 1);the composition ratio of the three major diseases was 2.19 %, 88.78 % and 7.06 % in turn, there was statistically significant difference in the diseases of three major categories between urban and rural areas(P<0.001);the top five causes of death were cerebrovascular disease, heart disease, malignant tumor, injury and respiratory diseases, accounting for 90.9 % of the total deaths;The reasons vary greatly among the top three deaths of different age groups. Conclusion Chronic noncommunicable diseases(NCDS) have become the main cause of endangering the health of residents in Henan Province. Accurate and comprehensive intervention measures should be taken for people of different ages and genders to reduce the mortality rate of residents and increase the life expectancy level in Henan province.