电话随访对新疆南部地区TIA患者自我管理的影响

Effect of Telephone Follow-up on Self-management of TIA Patients in Southern Xinjiang

目的调查了解新疆南部地区短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)患者自我管理现状及电话随访对自我管理的影响。方法选取新疆南部地区5所医院神经内科门诊133例TIA患者为调查对象(TIA组),同期选取健康人群132例作为对照(非TIA组),采取健康自我管理能力测评量表、一般情况调查问卷进行统计分析。结果非TIA组管理行为、管理认知、管理环境和自我管理均显著高于TIA组患者(t值分别为13.375、8.732、23.955、19.571,P均<0.01)。不同文化程度、婚姻、家庭月收入、网络健康信息认知TIA患者自我管理得分之间差异具有统计学意义(F值分别为33.396、11.850、7.767、2.213,P<0.05)。男性、单独居住、情绪管理较差、无电话随访、臀围≥101.5 cm、慢性病≥2种、病程≥2年TIA患者自我管理得分显著低于女性、与家人同住、情绪管理较好、有电话随访、臀围<101.5 cm、慢性病≤1种、病程<2年TIA患者(t值分别为3.199、3.052、2.239、6.746、3.649、2.986、3.187,P<0.05)。性别、文化程度、家庭月收入、家庭关系、慢性病种类、臀围、网络健康信息认知、电话随访进入TIA患者自我管理的回归方程(t值分别为8.696、5.973、2.113、3.831、2.847、2.320、2.201、-6.806,P<0.05)。结论新疆南部地区TIA患者自我管理水平较低,受文化程度、家庭月收入、电话随访等因素影响,电话随访与自我管理具有明显的预测关系。

Objective To investigate the status of self-management and the effect of telephone follow-up on self-management of the transient ischemic attack(TIA)patients in southern Xinjiang.Methods A total of 133 TIA patients from the outpatient department of neurology of 5 hospitals in southern Xinjiang were selected as the survey objects(TIA group),while 132 healthy people were selected as the control group(non-TIA group)at the same time.Statistical analysis was carried out by the health self-management ability assessment scale and general situation questionnaire.Results The scores of management behavior,management cognition,management environment and self-management of non-TIA group were significantly higher than those of TIA patients(t=13.375,8.732,23.955,19.571,all P<0.01).The different educational level,marriage,family monthly income and cognition of network health information of self-management scores among the TIA patients were significant difference(F=33.396,11.850,7.767,2.213,P<0.05).The self-management scores of male patients,living alone,poor emotional management,no telephone follow-up,hip circumference≥101.5 cm,chronic diseases≥2 types and course of disease≥2 years were significantly lower than those of female patients,living with family members,good emotional management,with telephone follow-up,hip circumference<101.5 cm,chronic diseases≤1 types,and course of disease<2 years(t=3.199,3.052,2.239,6.746,3.649,2.986,3.187,all P<0.05).Gender,education level,monthly family income,family relationships,chronic type,hip circumference,cognition of network health information and telephone follow-up were entered the regression equation of self-management of TIA patients(t=8.696,5.973,2.113,3.831,2.847,2.320,2.201,-6.806,all P<0.05).Conclusion The self-management level of TIA patients in southern Xinjiang is relatively low,influencing by education level,monthly family income,telephone follow-up,etc.Telephone follow-up has a predictive relationship on the self-management of TIA patients.