烧结烟气污染物治理工艺研究进展

ADVANCES IN RESEARCH ON SINTERING FLUE GAS POLLUTANTS’TREATMENT PROCESSES

因国内铁矿品位较低,烧结矿已成为钢铁企业生产中必不可少的原料,但铁矿粉烧结会排放大量含颗粒物、SO_(x)、NO_(x)等污染物的烟气,是造成酸雨、臭氧层漏洞、PM_(2.5)污染等环境问题的重要原因,同时严重危害人体健康,亟须妥善治理。介绍了烧结烟气中几种污染物的产生机制及污染现状,并对污染物的治理手段及新兴治理技术进行了归纳与分析,比较发现单独的污染物治理手段已不能满足钢铁企业节能高效生产与超低排放的要求,协同治理手段仍待完善,因此需根据企业污染物特性及生产指标、排放要求等情况,选择适合的一种或多种协同治理工艺进行烟气治理。在此基础上提出利用全焦粉、生物质燃料等新燃料工艺来降低源头污染物的引入,并与末端治理手段相结合的综合治理方式,以期实现在烧结污染物治理过程中的“首”“尾”呼应,达到“1+1>2”的治理效果,为我国钢铁产业的各工序污染物防治提供参考,助力钢铁企业高质量、绿色发展。

Due to the low grade of domestic iron ore,sintered ore has become an essential raw material in steel production.However,iron ore powder sintering emits a large amount of flue gas containing dust,S,N oxides and other pollutants,which is an important reason for environmental problems such as acid rain,ozone layer leaks,and PM_(2.5).These pollutants also pose a serious threat to human health,so proper management is urgently needed.This article introduced the generation mechanisms and current pollution status of several pollutants in sintering flue gas,and summarized the treatment methods and emerging treatment technologies for pollutants.It was found that individual pollutant treatment method could no longer meet the requirements of ultra-low emission of steel enterprises,and collaborative treatment methods also had their own shortcomings.Therefore,enterprises need to consider the characteristics of pollutants,production indicators,emission requirements,and other factors,and choose one or more suitable collaborative treatment processes for flue gas treatment.On this basis,a comprehensive treatment method using new fuel processes,such as coke powder and biomass fuel to reduce flue gas pollutants from the source,and combining it with cooperative treatment methods for pollutants at the end of the process was proposed,in order to realize the whole cycle treatment process of sintering pollutants.This paper could provide a reference for the prevention and control of pollutants in iron and steel industry in China and help the high-quality and green development of iron and steel enterprises.