外泌体源性非编码RNA作为肝癌标志物的研究进展

Exosome-derived non-coding RNA as biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis

非编码RNA(ncRNA)为不具备编码蛋白质功能的基因组转录产物,在基因转录、转录后及翻译水平发挥调控作用,与肿瘤发生和发展密切相关。外泌体ncRNA在细胞间通讯中起着关键作用。某些外泌体ncRNA在肿瘤中存在差异性表达,提示其具备作为肿瘤液体活检标志物的潜在价值。本文对外泌体ncRNA中的微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)、环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)作为肝细胞癌标志物的研究进展进行综述,探讨了外泌体源性非编码RNA作为肝癌诊断与预后新型生物标志物的临床应用价值。

Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)are genomic transcripts that do not encode proteins.They are also closely associated with tumor initiation and progression,as they play regulatory roles in gene transcription,post-transcription,and translation.Exosome-derived non-coding RNA plays a key role in intercellular communication.Certain exosome-derived ncRNAs are differentially expressed in tumors,suggesting that they have potential value as novel tumor biomarkers.This paper briefly reviews the progress of exosome-derived ncRNA such as microRNA(miRNA),long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)and circular RNA(circRNA)as hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers,and discusses the clinical value of exosome-derived ncRNA as a novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and prognosis.