亚热带针阔混交林群落结构与生态位分析——以浙江省景宁县针阔混交林地为例

Structure and niche analysis of subtropical needle broadmixed forest communities——Take Zhejiang Jingning needle wide mixed forest as an example

研究群落结构与动态能够掌握森林生态系统的演替规律,更有效的指导森林经营与保护策略。该研究调查分析了浙江景宁1hm^(2)针阔混交林样地的群落结构、种间联结性和优势种生态位重叠度。结果表明:浙江景宁1hm^(2)针阔混交林样地共记录到存活木本植物4375株(DBH≥1cm),分属22科31属37种。重要值最大的5个物种依次为黄山松(Pinus taiwanensis)、鹅掌楸(Liriodendron chinense)、枫香树(Liquidambar formosana)、杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)、木荷(Schima superba),整体径级分布呈明显的倒"J"型。Spearman秩相关分析结果中有63对正相关的种对,107对负相关种对。物种间多存在显著相关性,不同生存策略树种间存在正相关性,相似生存策略树种间存在负相关性。生态位重叠指数R<0.6共有120对,占比70.2%;生态位重叠指数R≥0.6共有51对,占比29.8%。生态位宽度最大的5个树种与物种的重要值和多度排序相类似,但存在一定的差异。景宁针阔混交林中优势树种对生境条件的生态适应性及种间竞争关系对针阔混交林的监测与管理具有一定的指导意义,也为以黄山松为先锋树种进行植被的恢复与重建提供一定的参考价值。

Studying community structure and dynamics can master the succession law of forest ecosystem and guide forest management and protection strategies.This study analyzed the community structure,interspecific connection and dominant species niche overlap of 1 ha needle wide-mixed forest samples in Jingning,Zhejiang Province.The results showed that 4375 surviving woody plants(DBH≥1 cm)were recorded in 1 ha samples in Jingning,Zhejiang province,belonging in 22 families and 31 genera.The five species with the largest important value are Pinus taiwanensis,Liriodendron chinense,Liquidambar formosana,Cunninghamia lanceolata,and Schima superba,and the overall radial distribution shows obvious inverted"J"type.The spearman rank correlation analysis yielded 63 positively correlated species pairs and 107 negatively correlated species pairs.There is more significant correlation between species,positive correlation between tree species with different survival strategies,and negative correlation amo ng tree species with similar survival strategies.The niche overlap index R<0.6 represented 120 pairs,representing 70.2%,and R≥0.6,accounting for 29.8%.The five species with the largest niche width are similar to significant values and multiple ordering of species but have some differences.The ecological adaptability of superior tree species to habitat conditions and interspecies competition have certain guiding significance for the monitoring and management of needle wide mixed forest,and also provides certain reference value for the restoration and reconstruction of vegetation with Huangshan pine as the pioneer tree species.