国内土壤容重测定方法综述

Review on soil bulk density determination method

综述了目前国内土壤容重的测定方法,包括直接法(定容法、不定容法和器测法)和间接法。定容法是使用固定容积的环刀采集土壤样品,最经典的环刀法操作简便,结果准确,是目前最常用的定容法,适用测定颗粒较小的土壤容重。不定容法每次所取土样体积都不是固定的,特别适用于测定坚硬和易碎土壤的容重,其中常用的是挖坑法。器测法是使用仪器来直接测定土壤容重的方法,主要有核子湿密度仪和土壤无核密度仪两大类仪器,器测法快速、简便,在工程上特别是道路施工过程中常用。间接法是通过测定其他土壤水文参数,再利用所测定的参数与土壤容重之间的固定关系换算而得。

The methods of measuring soil bulk densitya at present in China are reviewed,including direct method and indirect method,direct method includes constant volume method,indefinite volume method and instrumental method.Constant volume method is to collect soil samples by using a fixed volume ring knife,the most classical ring knife method is simple and easy to operate,and the result is accurate.It is the most commonly used method in the constant volume method.It is suitable for the determination of soil bulk density with small particles.The sample volume is not fixed at a time by the variable capacity method,is especially suitable for measuring the volume weight of the hard and fragile soil,one of the commonly used methods is digging holes.The instrument method is to measure the soil bulk density directly by using the instrument.There are two main types of instruments of the nuclear wet densitometer and soil non-nuclear densitometer,the method is quick and convenient,and is commonly used in engineering,especially in the process of road construction.The indirect method is obtained by measuring other soil hydrological parameters and using the fixed relationship between the measured parameters and soil bulk density.