摘要
随着乡村社会转型,"送法下乡"的乡村司法模式已不足以描绘新时期乡村司法的现实图景。实证资料表明,乡村司法正在历经司法场景、纠纷类型与司法方式的三重转变,主要表现在司法场景由开放的巡回审判向封闭的法庭审判转变,纠纷类型由熟人纠纷向陌生人纠纷转变,庭审由调解占主导向审判占主导的司法方式转变。乡村司法模式的转变与乡村社会基础结构的变迁,人民法庭的规范性和自治性的增强密切相关,司法规范依据的统一与当事人举证能力的增强也是乡村司法模式转变的重要助推力。未来的乡村司法更应在坚持现代司法封闭性的同时适当兼顾开放性,践行底线程序正义与推广法律规则之治。
With the transformation of rural society,the model of rural justice known as"sending law to the countryside"is no longer sufficient to capture the realities of the administration of justice in China’s rural areas in the new era.The empirical evidence shows that the rural justice is undergoing changes in three aspects:the judicial scene has changed from an open circuit trial to a closed court trial;the disputes between acquaintances are replaced by those between strangers;and the mediation-dominated model is replaced by a trial-dominated model in court trials.The transformation of the rural justice model is closely related to the changes in the social infrastructure of the villages and the strengthening of the normative and autonomous nature of the people’s courts;the unification of the basis of judicial norms and the strengthening of the ability of the parties to present evidence are also robust factors influencing the development of the rural justice model.In the future,the rural justice should,in addition to maintaining the closed nature of modern justice,appropriately take into account the principle of openness,practice bottom-line procedural justice and promote rule of law.
出处
《法治现代化研究》
2021年第1期128-142,共15页
Law and Modernization
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“治理方式转型中的乡村人民法庭司法研究”(14CFX067)的阶段性项目成果
四川大学法学院研究“阐释党的十九大四中全会精神”专项研究课题(sculaw20190325)的资助
关键词
乡村司法
人民法庭
送法下乡
坐堂问案
rural justice
people’s courts
sending law to the countryside
sitting in on cases