生态文明建设视域下的当代中国生态扶贫进路

Ecological Poverty Alleviation Approach in Contemporary China from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization Construction

生态文明及其建设话语以及作为其权威性表达的习近平生态文明思想,是贯穿于或影响到新时代中国特色社会主义建设诸多方面或议题领域的重要理论引领、政治规约和行动指南,而这当然也包括致力于探索生态环境保护修复与扶贫开发、脱贫致富相结合的生态扶贫政策领域。作为一种公共政策及其实践,生态扶贫可以大致理解为在新时代中国特色社会主义现代化建设的宏观背景与语境下,通过国家专项政策、各方面资源投入和各级地方政府的有效组织,来实现对较为丰厚生态环境资源的经济贫困地区的绿色开发或较为贫瘠自然生态环境的经济贫困人口的异地发展。在"决战决胜脱贫攻坚、全面建成小康社会"的全民政治共识与国家重大战略统领之下,生态扶贫逐渐发展成为一个理念丰富、政策综合和途径多元的议题性话语政策实践体系,并构成了中国特色社会主义扶贫理论与实践的重要侧面或维度,而大力推进绿色发展、建立健全生态公益补偿机制、有序开展生态易地搬迁是最具代表性的三种实践模式或进路。

Ecological civilization and its construction discourse and Xi Jinping’s thought on ecocivilization as its authoritative expression are important theoretical leadership,political statutes and practical guidelines affecting many aspects or issue areas of the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era,including the ecological poverty alleviation policy field which is committed to combining environmental protection with poverty alleviation and development.As a kind of public policy and its implementation,the ecological poverty alleviation can be broadly understood as an effort to realize the green development of poor areas with rich ecological resources or the relocation of poor people in poor natural environment through special national policies,all aspects of resources and effective organizations of the governments under the macro background and context of the modernization of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era.In the national political consensus and major national strategy of“winning the battle against poverty and building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects”,ecological poverty alleviation has gradually developed into an issue-based policy practice system with rich concepts,comprehensive policies and multiple approaches,and constitutes an important aspect or dimension of socialist poverty alleviation theory and practice with Chinese characteristics.Promoting green development,developing ecological public welfare compensation mechanism and carrying out ecological relocation are the three main practical modes or approaches of ecological poverty alleviation.