新兴污染物的分类及其检测技术研究进展

Research Progress on the Classification of Emerging Pollutants and Their Detection Technologies

随着城市化进程的加快、人们的生活方式以及现代工业化水平的提高,环境污染已成为日渐严重的问题,对人类健康和生态环境构成了极大的威胁。近几年已经对各种污染物进行了研究,但新兴污染物主要是由微污染物、内分泌干扰物、杀虫剂、药物、激素和毒素以及工业相关的合成染料引起的和含有染料的有害污染物,大多数新兴污染物没有制定指导方针,即使浓度很低,它们也可能对人类和水生生物产生有害影响。因此,为了提高修复生态环境的有效性,迫切需要开发用于检测、量化和提高效率的污染物检测新技术。该文概述了新兴污染物类别和检测技术,根据新兴污染物的种类选择检测技术,讨论了测试技术存在问题,并提出发展性建议和前瞻性观点。

Environmental pollution has become an increasingly serious problem due to increased urbanisation,people’s lifestyles and modern industrialisation,posing a great threat to human health and the ecological environment.Various pollutants have been studied in recent years,but emerging pollutants are mainly caused by micro-pollutants,endocrine disruptors(EDs),pesticides,drugs,hormones and toxins as well as industry-related synthetic dyes and harmful pollutants containing dyes,most of which have no guidelines in place and which may have harmful effects on humans and aquatic organisms even at very low concentrations.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop new technologies for the detection,quantification and efficiency of contaminant detection in order to improve the effectiveness of ecosystem restoration.The objectives of this paper are to provide an overview of emerging contaminant categories and detection technologies,to select detection technologies based on the types of emerging contaminants,to provide a brief overview of the remaining problems with testing technologies,and to present some developmental recommendations and forward-looking perspectives.