尼日利亚高等教育发展:成效、困境和思考

The Development of Higher Education in Nigeria:Effects,Challenges and Countermeasures

高等教育是推动一个国家或地区经济社会发展的重要力量。近代以来,以尼日利亚为代表的非洲国家高等教育逐渐从依附西方走向独立自主,对推动现代国家发展起到积极作用。出于历史和现实原因,当前尼日利亚高等教育面临区域间发展不平衡、政府部门过度干预、人才外流严重、疾病与恐怖主义威胁等问题。为此,尼日利亚联邦政府应进一步增强独立自主意识,增加院校数量,扩大办学规模,完善学科和专业建设,健全校际及国际教育合作体系,从而提升国民素质,促进统一多民族国家建构,并进一步推动本地区文化发展与知识复兴,确保教育与社会协调可持续发展。

Higher education is a significant force to promote the economic and social development of a country or a region.Since modern times,The higher education in African countries,represented by Nigeria,has gradually changed from dependence on the West to independence,which has played an important role in promoting modern countries’development.Based on historical reasons and existing factors,Nigeria is now facing lots of problems like developmental differences among different areas,excessive government intervention,serious brain drain,diseases,terrorism threat and etc..Therefore,Nigerian government should further strengthen the sense of independence,increase the number and the scale of colleges and universities,improve discipline and specialty constructions,and perfect the interscholastic and international cooperation system in education,so as to improve the quality of the whole nation,promote the construction of a unified multi-ethnic country,and further encourage the cultural development and knowledge renaissance in local region,and then ensure the coordinated and sustainable development of education and society.