文化空间的定型与跨文化交际能力的习得

文化空间的定型是影响外语学习者习得跨文化交际能力的因素之一。其构成要素按表现形式和涉及对象可分为社会定型和文化定型。在跨文化交际中,社会定型造成不同文化背景的交际者对事物或情景的评价以及典型交际情景下的行为方式有所不同;文化定型既具有积极作用,又容易给交际者留下偏颇、僵化的认识。因此,外语学习者要提升跨文化交际能力,首先要通晓他文化空间中事物与事物或与某一情景之间形成的常规关系,并能够在实际交际中根据特定的交际情景,采用他民族文化色彩的(非)言语行为策略描述出这种关系,另外,还应具备理性客观地看待文化定型,不断观察、反思、修正他定型偏差的能力。

This paper clarifies the training objectives of intercultural communicative competence in foreign language teaching from the perspective of knowledge,affect and competence.Based on this,the relationship between cultural space stereotyping and cross-cultural competence and the influence of stereotyping elements on intercultural communicative competence acquisition are mainly discussed.The insights aim to provide references for foreign language educators and learners taking advantage of the stereotyping elements to enhance intercultural communicative competence.