摘要
明清之际的士大夫经历过天崩地坼式的社会变革,但看待正统问题上则有不同的考量。明朝遗臣往往从南明的角度切入,多主“正”说,认为人心和血统是决定“正”的重要因素。面对清朝士人的质疑,他们用道统的角度解释南京不北援的原因,并着重点明南明继承了北京的正统,继而提出南明亡则统绝的观点。仕清士人从清朝入主中原的“势”入手,主张重“统”说,直至雍正时期才重新将主“正”说作为解释清朝正统的重要理论依据。不同正统观的解释实际是不同的政治话语,是士大夫及所属政治群体对于明清之际变革之下自身政权选择的身份认同,并在清朝华夷一统的大环境之下渐趋统一。
From 17th to the 18th Century,the scholar bureaucrats'opinion about orthodoxy differed.Legacy officials of the Ming Dynasty supported Southern Ming and believed that the will of people and blood lineage determined"rightness".Faced with the doubts from the scholars of the Qing Dynasty,they justified why Nanjing did not help the North,and held the view that if the Southern Ming perished,so would orthodoxy.The officials of the Qing Dynasty advocated the"unification"theory,and in Yongzheng period the"righteousness"theory was also used to show the Qing Dynasty's orthodoxy.The different interpretation shows different political discourse by the scholar bureaucrats and political groups for their own political choice during the change of the society,which is gradually unified under Qing Dynasty’s dominance.
作者
王浩淼
吴立发
WANG Haomiao;WU Lifa(School of History,Anhui University,Hefei 230000,China)
出处
《大连大学学报》
2023年第2期47-54,共8页
Journal of Dalian University
关键词
正统
南明
华夷之辨
雍正
orthodoxy
Nanming
debates of orthodoxy
Yongzheng