高校产教融合深入推进过程中面临的困境及对策探讨

Discussion on the Difficulties and Countermeasures in the Process of Deepening the Integration of Industry and Education in Universities

国家“十四五”规划纲要提出“增强制造业竞争优势,推动制造业高质量发展”,高校面临着培养和输出先进制造业紧缺技术人才的新需求。分析高校产教融合深入推进过程中存在的问题,如校企合作有效模式和良性互动机制尚未形成、产教融合的体制机制尚不完善、“产业”和“教学”相互渗透及相互促进机制尚不完善、高校“项目化”教学成效局限性尚待突破等,借鉴美国麻省理工学院新工程教育改革内容,从工程教育的“新体系、新模式、新平台、新师资”四个方面探讨应对策略,为高校产教深度融合提供参考。

The outline of the national"14th Five-Year Plan"puts forward that"strengthen the competitive advantage of manufacturing industry and promote the high-quality development of manufacturing industry".Colleges and universities are faced with the new demand of training and exporting technical talents in shortage of advanced manufacturing industry.It analyzes the difficulties in the process of deepening the integration of industry and education in colleges and universities,such as the effective mode of school-industry cooperation and benign interaction mechanism have not been formed,the system and mechanism of integration of industry and education are not perfect,the mechanism of mutual penetration and mutual promotion between"industry"and"teaching"is not thorough,and the limitations of the effect of"project"teaching in colleges and universities are yet to be broken perfect.With reference to the new engineering education reform content of MIT,countermeasures are discussed from four aspects of"new system,new mode,new platform and new teachers"of engineering education,providing reference for the deep integration of industry and education in universities.