短视频平台的技术赋权与可见性劳动——基于传播政治经济学考察

Technology Empowerment and Visibility Labour in Short Video Platform The Political Economy of Communication Perspective

短视频的快速发展带来可见性的赋权,其在人人可见中被视为一项基本的人权。然而,人们却忽略了短视频平台的可见性并不是先赋性的,而是算法建构的结果。在传播政治经济学视角下,可见性作为一种劳动,蕴含着经济的不平等与权力的控制。人们在平台营造的沉浸、自由、愉悦与赋权的主人翁意识下,心甘情愿地通过可见性劳动为平台贡献数据"燃料"。平台则将可见性内容、劳动以及受众商品化,在大数据、云计算等技术要素的作用下,实现资本的增值。而更为深层次的本质是在短视频可见性赋权下获得表达自由或经济收益的用户,实则成为了平台流量工厂中的数字劳工。

The rapid development of short video has brought about the empowerment of visibility,which is regarded as a basic human right.However,people ignore that the visibility of a short video platform is not inherent,but the result of algorithm construction.From the perspective of communication politics,visibility,as a kind of labour,contains economic inequality and power control.People are willing to contribute data"fuel"to the platform through visibility labour under the ownership consciousness of immersion,freedom,pleasure and empowerment created by the platform.The platform commercializes visibility content,labour and audience,and realizes capital appreciation under the effect of big data,cloud computing and other technical elements.The deeper essence is that the users who gain freedom of expression or economic benefits under the short video visibility empowerment actually become the digital labour in the traffic factories.